Birding in Matsu

穴鳥 Bulwer's Petrel Bulweria bulwerii 體　長： 26 公分屬　性：稀有過境鳥出現方式：單隻或小群出現季節：夏活動地點：離陸域較遠之外海海面上記錄分佈：東引至南引或東引至南竿較外海海面上均有記錄。生態習性：本種在馬祖地區曾有救傷記錄，可能為稀有的秋過境鳥。多數時間活動於大洋上。		Size: L. 26 cm Status: rare Behavior: solitary or small groups Seasonal distribution: summer Habitat: at sea, but sometimes seen from shore Local sites: Dongyin to Nanyin, Dongyin to Nangan Habits: There was a treatment record of this species in Matsu, possibly a rare autumn migratory bird. Active on the sea surface most of the time.

雁鴨科尖尾鴨 Northern Pintail Anas acuta 體　長： 65 公分屬　性：不普遍過境鳥出現方式：單隻或與其牠鴨科混群出現季節：秋活動地點：水庫、水塘記錄分佈：東湧水庫及儲水澳水庫均有過境紀錄生態習性：稀有春秋過境鳥，出現在 10 月下旬，與 4 月中旬。常單隻或小群棲息在內陸水庫的草堆中。		Size: L. 65 cm Status: uncommon Behavior: found singly or in mixed groups Seasonal distribution: autumn Habitat: ponds, reserviors Local sites: Dongyin Reservior, Tsu-shei-au Reservior Habits: Rare Spring and autumn migratory bird, can be seen around late October, and mid April. Individuals and small groups are found in grass near inland reservoirs.

雁鴨科琵嘴鴨 Northern Shoveler [Common Shoveler] Anas clypeate 體　長： 48 公分屬　性：稀有過境鳥出現方式：單隻或與其牠鴨科混群出現季節：秋活動地點：水庫、水塘記錄分佈：僅南竿鄉儲水澳水庫有一筆過境紀錄生態習性：稀有春秋過境鳥，出現在 10 月下旬，與 4 月中旬。常單隻或小群棲息在內陸水庫中。		Size: L. 48 cm Status: vagrant Behavior: singly or in mixed groups Seasonal distribution: autumn Habitat: ponds, reservoirs Local sites: single record in Tsu-shei-au Reservoir, Nangan Habits: Rare Spring and autumn migratory bird, can be found around late October, and mid April. Individuals and small groups can be seen near inland water reservoirs.

雁鴨科綠翅鴨 ( 小水鴨 ) Green-winged Teal Anas crecca 體長： 37.5 公分屬性：不普遍過境鳥出現方式：單隻至小群活動時間：日行性出現季節：秋、春活動地點：水庫、池塘記錄分佈：四鄉五島各水庫均有記錄，以東湧水庫數量最多。生態習性：不普遍春秋過境鳥，秋季在9月下旬至12月，春季在4月中旬。過境時，偶長時間停留達月餘。		Size ： L37.5 cm Seasonal distribution ： spring and autumn Status ： uncommon Behavior ： diurnal; found singly or in small parties Habitat ： reservoirs, ponds Local sites ： throughout; mostly in Dong-yong Reservoir

雁鴨科赤頸鴨 Eurasian Wigeon Anas penelope 體長： 48.5 公分屬性：稀有秋過境鳥出現方式：單隻活動時間：日行性出現季節：秋活動地點：水庫記錄分佈：目前僅東引東湧水庫有單隻記錄。生態習性：稀有秋過境鳥，於10月下旬至11月底過境。偶而出現在水庫的水面浮游。雜食性，以水生動植物為食。		Size ： L48.5 cm Seasonal distribution ： autumn Status ： vagrant Behavior ： diurnal, solitary Habitat ： reservoirs Local sites ： single record in Dong-yong Reservoir of Dongyin . Habits: Rare Spring migratory bird, pass through around late October to late November. They can be seen occasionally on the water surfaces of reservoirs. Polyphagia, prey on aquatic animals and plants.

雁鴨科白眉鴨 Garganey Anas querquedula 體長： 38 公分屬性：稀有過境與冬候鳥出現方式：單隻活動時間：日行性出現季節：秋、冬、春活動地點：水庫、水塘記錄分佈：南北竿曾有單隻度冬與過境記錄生態習性：稀有過境與冬候鳥，秋季於9月下旬，春季於4月上旬過境，零星個體留在少數水庫度冬至翌年3月。		Size ： L38 cm Seasonal distribution ： winter Status ： rare Behavior ： diurnal, solitary Habitat ： reservoirs and ponds Local sites ： recorded in Nangan and Beigan Habits: Rare migratory bird and winter visitor, pass through during autumn, around late September, and spring, around early April. Very few individuals may stay near water reservoir to pass winter until the next March.

海秋沙 Red-breasted Merganser Mergus serrator 體　長： 57 公分屬　性：稀有過境鳥出現方式：單隻出現季節：秋冬活動地點：離陸域較遠之外海海面上記錄分佈：西莒外海海面上曾有過一筆記錄。生態習性：本種在馬祖地區稀有冬候鳥。活動於海岸或廣大水域，善潛水捕食，肉食性，捕捉魚類為食。		Size: L. 57 cm Status: vagrant Behavior: solitary Seasonal distribution: autumn and winter Habitat: at sea, but sometimes seen from shore Local sites: single record in Sijyu Habits: This species is rare winter visitor in Matsu. It is very active in seashore or vast water area, skillful at diving for prey. Carnivorous, prey on fish.

花雕 Greater Spotted Eagle Aquila clanga 體　長： 60-70 公分屬　性：稀有過境鳥出現方式：單隻出現季節：秋活動地點：山嶺稜線、樹林及林緣空曠地記錄分佈：臨海週邊附近樹林較容易觀察到生態習性：不普遍春秋過境鳥，秋季於 9 月下旬至 10 月下旬，春季於 4 月中、上旬過境。多半成單隻出現。		Size: L. 60 -70 cm Status: rare Behavior: solitary Seasonal distribution: autumn Habitat: crest lines, woods, open lands nearby Local sites: coastal forests Habits: Uncommon Spring and autumn migratory bird, migrating groups are seen during autumn, from late September to late October, and in spring, around mid-late April. They’re mostly seen in single individuals.

大鵟 Upland Buzzard Buteo hemilasius 體　長： 61-72 公分屬　性：稀有過境鳥出現方式：單隻出現季節：秋活動地點：山嶺稜線、樹林及林緣空曠地記錄分佈：臨海週邊附近樹林，天空較容易觀察到，南竿梅石、里均有紀錄生態習性：稀有冬過境鳥， 11 月中旬至第二年 2 月偶有觀察到，數量甚少。遷移時，利用山頭、稜線的氣流移動，於馬祖尚未見其過境停棲。		Size: L. 61 -72cm Status: rare Behavior: solitary Seasonal distribution: autumn Habitat: crest lines, woods, open lands nearby Local sites: recorded over coastal forests of Mei-shei, Ban-lee, Nangan Habits: Rare winter migratory bird,can be observed from mid November to February at times, the number recorded is very little though. They use air currents to move along the mountain ridges when migrating. Never been seen and recorded to stop at Matsu.

松雀鷹 Besra [Besra Sparrow Hawk] Accipiter virgatus 體　長： 26-36 公分屬　性：稀有過境鳥出現方式：單隻出現季節：秋活動地點：山嶺稜線、樹林及林緣空曠地記錄分佈：水庫週邊附近樹林均容易觀察到生態習性：不普遍春秋過境鳥，秋季於 9 月下旬至 10 月下旬，春季於 4 月中、上旬過境。		Size: L. 26 -36 cm Status: rare Behavior: solitary Seasonal distribution: autumn Habitat: crest lines, woods, open lands nearby Local sites: woods around reservoirs Habits: Uncommon Spring and autumn migratory bird, pass through during autumn, around late September to late October, and during spring, early to mid April.

灰澤鵟 Northern Harrier [Hen Harrier] Circus cyaneus 體　長： 43-52 公分屬　性：稀有冬候鳥出現方式：單隻出現季節：秋冬活動地點：山頂稜線記錄分佈：各島均可見到。生態習性：稀有秋過境鳥，偶在9月中、下旬記錄到，數量甚少。遷移時，利用山頭、稜線的氣流移動，於馬祖尚未見其過境停棲。		Size: L. 43 -52 cm Status: rare Behavior: solitary Seasonal distribution: autumn and winter Habitat: crest lines Local sites: throughout Habits: Rare Spring migratory bird, sometimes are seen around mid to late September; however the number observed is few. They use air currents to move along the mountain ridges when migrating. Never been seen and recorded to stop at Matsu.

白腹海雕 White-bellied Sea-Eagle Haliaeetus leucogaster 體　長： 75-85 公分屬　性：稀有過境鳥出現方式：單隻出現季節：秋活動地點：離陸域較遠之外海海面上記錄分佈：各島外海海面上均可見到。生態習性：不普遍春秋過境鳥，秋季於 9 月下旬至 10 月下旬，春季於 4 月中、上旬過境。多半成單隻出現。		Size: L. 75 -85 cm Status: rare Behavior: solitary Seasonal distribution: autumn Habitat: at sea, sometimes seen from shore Local sites: throughout Habits: Uncommon Spring and autumn migratory bird, migrating groups are seen during autumn, from late September to late October, and in spring, around mid-late April. They’re mostly seen in single individuals.
鷹科灰面鵟鷹（灰臉鵟鷹） Grey-faced Buzzard Butastur indicus 體長： 49 公分屬性：普遍過境鳥出現方式：小群至大群活動時間：日行性出現季節：秋、春活動地點：各島山嶺稜線及附近樹林記錄分佈：四鄉五島均有記錄生態習性：普遍春秋過境鳥。秋季8月底至11月中旬，高峰期在10月10日左右，春季在4月上旬至5月底，高峰期在4月中旬。		Size ： L49 cm Seasonal distribution ： autumn and spring Status ： common Behavior ： diurnal; may occur in large numbers during migration Habitat ： crest lines and the woods nearby Local sites ： throughout Habits: Common Spring and autumn migratory bird. Migrating groups pass though during autumn, around late August to mid November, the maximum number that can seen around October the 10th, and during spring, from early April to late May, most of them can be found around mid April.


鷹科赤腹鷹 Chinese Goshawk Accipiter soloensis 體長： 30 公分屬性：普遍過境鳥出現方式：小群至大群活動時間：日行性出現季節：秋、春活動地點：山嶺稜線及附近樹林記錄分佈：四鄉五島均有記錄生態習性：為春秋普遍過境鳥。秋季9月上旬開始過境，9月中旬與9月底有明顯的高峰期，11月上旬結束過境；春季4月中旬開始過境，5月中旬為高峰期。		Size ： L30 cm Seasonal distribution ： spring and autumn Status ： common Behavior ： diurnal; may occur in groups during migration Habitat ： crest lines and the woods nearby Local sites ： throuighout Habits: Spring and Autumn common migratory bird, pass through from early September to early November, most are seen during mid to late September. During spring, migration waves are seen around mid April, and most are seen during mid May.


鷹科日本松雀鷹 Japanese Sparrowhawk Accipiter gularis 體長： 27-30 公分屬性：普遍過境鳥、稀有冬候鳥出現方式：單隻至小群活動時間：日行性出現季節：秋、冬、春活動地點：山嶺稜線、樹林及林緣空曠地記錄分佈：四鄉五島均有記錄生態習性：為春秋普遍過境鳥，秋季自9月中旬開始過境，10月下旬至11月上旬為高峰期，度冬至翌年4月，春過境期最晚至5月下旬。		Size ： L27-30 cm Seasonal distribution ： autumn to spring Status ： common Behavior ： diurnal; found singly or in small groups Habitat ： crest lines, woods and the open lands nearby Local sites ： throughout Habits: Spring and autumn common migratory bird, migrating waves appear during autumn, around mid September, the numbers seen reach peak around late October to early November. They stay to pass the winter until April the next year, migration period ends around late May.

隼科燕隼 Eurasian Hobby Falco subbuteo 體長： 30 公分屬性：普遍過境鳥出現方式：單隻至小群活動時間：日行性出現季節：秋、春活動地點：山嶺稜線，及附近樹林記錄分佈：四鄉五島均有記錄生態習性：普遍秋過境鳥，秋季過境量甚多。自9月中旬至11月中旬，高峰期在9月底至10月上旬，春季自5月下旬至6月初時過境。		Size ： L30 cm Seasonal distribution ： spring and autumn Status ： common Behavior ： diurnal; found singly or in small groups Habitat ： crest lines and the woods nearby Local sites ： throughout Habits: Autumn migratory bird, large populations pass by during autumn. Migrating groups are seen around mid September to mid November, the peak period is around late September to early October, and during spring, around late May to early June.
隼科紅隼 Eurasian Kestrel Falco tinnunculus 體長： 30-33 公分屬性：不普遍留鳥；普遍冬候鳥出現方式：單隻、小群至大群活動時間：日行性出現季節：全年四季活動地點：海岸峭壁、山嶺稜線、電線及疏林記錄分佈：四鄉五島均有記錄，而繁殖記錄則僅在南竿，其他鄉尚未確認。生態習性：普遍冬候鳥，秋季自9月中旬開始過境，9月底為高峰期；度冬至3月下旬開始離境。在馬祖內尚有少數留鳥族群。		Size ： L30-33 cm Seasonal distribution ： resident and winter migrant Status ： uncommon resident; common migrant Behavior ： diurnal; found singly or in groups Habitat ： crest lines, seashore cliffs, wires and the sparse woods . Local sites ： throughout, with breeding record only in Nangang Habits: Common winter visitor, can be seen around mid September, most are observed near the end of September. Leave around late March after the winter. There is a small resident population in Matsu. .

海燕科白腰叉尾海燕 Leach's StormPetrel Oceanodroma leucorhoa 體　長： 21 公分屬　性：稀有冬候鳥出現方式：單隻出現季節：秋冬活動地點：離陸域較遠之外海海面上記錄分佈：水試所外海海面上曾有過一筆記錄。生態習性：本種在馬祖地區稀有冬候鳥。活動於海岸或廣大水域，善潛水捕食，肉食性，捕捉魚類為食。		Size: L. 21 cm Status: vagrant Behavior: solitary Seasonal distribution: autumn and winter Habitat: at sea, sometimes seen from shore Local sites: single record on the sea area of Fisheries Research Institute Habits: This species is rare winter visitor in Matsu area. It is very active in seashore or vast water area, skillful at diving for prey. Carnivorous, prey on fish.
秧雞科　緋秧雞 Ruddy-breasted Crake Porzana fusca 體　長： 19 公分屬　性：稀有過境鳥出現方式：單隻出現季節：春、秋活動地點：水塘附近草叢、溝渠記錄分佈：各島上有水源週邊灌叢均可見到。生態習性：為秋季稀有過境鳥。在 9 月上旬零星過境。大都單隻出現在水塘、溝渠附近的草叢、泥地與菜園周圍。		Size: L. 19 cm Status: rare Behavior: solitary Seasonal distribution: spring, autumn Habitat: bushwoods, ditches around ponds Local sites: throughout Habits: Autumn rare migratory bird. Pass through in small groups, or single individuals around early September. Mostly seen in the bushes, and gardens near ponds or water trenches.

秧雞科　紅冠水雞 Common Moorhen [Moorhen] Gallinula chloropus 體　長： 33 公分屬　性：不普遍過境鳥出現方式：單隻出現季節：秋、春活動地點：水庫、水塘周邊草叢，小路旁灌叢記錄分佈：四鄉五島均有紀錄生態習性：春秋稀有過境鳥。秋季自 10 月下旬至 11 月底過境，春季在 6 月上旬過境。出現在水庫、池塘附近，棲息於浮水性水生植物上或水邊草灌叢。		Size: L. 33 cm Status: uncommon Behavior: solitary Seasonal distribution: spring and autumn Habitat: roadside bushes, bushwoods around ponds, reservoirs Local sites: throughout Habits: Spring and autumn rare migratory bird. Pass through during autumn, during late October to late November, and during spring, around early June. They can be found near water reservoirs, and ponds; prey on floating aquatic plants, and grass plants near water bodies.

秧雞科董雞 Watercock Gallicrex cinerea 體長： 33 公分屬性：稀有過境鳥出現方式：單隻活動時間：日、夜行性出現季節：秋活動地點：水塘附近的草叢記錄分佈：目前僅南竿有數筆單隻的記錄生態習性：為稀有秋過境鳥，在9月底過境。出現在水庫、池塘等地，棲息在陰暗茂密的灌叢下。雜食性，以水生動物及昆蟲、水生植物嫩芽為食。		Size ： L33 cm Seasonal distribution ： autumn Status ： rare Behavior ： diurnal and nocturnal , solitary Habitat ： the brushwood around ponds Local sites ： a few records in Nangang Habits: Rare Spring migratory bird, pass through around late September. They can be seen around water reservoir, ponds, and under shady brushwood. Polyphagia, prey on aquatic animals, plant leaves, and insects.

秧雞科白胸苦惡鳥（白腹秧雞） White-breasted Waterhen Amaurornis phoenicurus 體長： 32.5 公分屬性：不普遍過境鳥、稀有冬候鳥出現方式：單隻至小群活動時間：日夜行性出現季節：秋、冬、春活動地點：水庫、水塘周邊草叢；路旁草灌叢記錄分佈：南北竿、東引、西莒均有記錄。生態習性：為春秋不普遍過境鳥與稀有冬候鳥。秋季在10月下旬過境，春季從4月上旬至5月中旬過境，在4月中旬為高峰期。		Size ： L32.5 cm Seasonal distribution ： autumn to spring Status ： uncommon Behavior ： diurnal and nocturnal; found singly or in small groups Habitat ： the brushwood around ponds and the reservoir; roadside shrubbery Local sites ： Nangang , Beigan , Dongyin and Sijyu Habits: Spring and autumn uncommon migratory bird, and rare winter visitor. Pass trough during autumn around late October, and during spring, from mid April to mid May, the peak period is mid April.

秧雞科紅腳苦惡鳥 Brown Crake Amaurornis akool 體長： 28 公分屬性：局部稀有留鳥出現方式：單隻或成對活動時間：夜行性為主、偶爾日間活動。出現季節：全年四季活動地點：池塘、草灌叢下記錄分佈：目前僅在南竿東半島的垃圾場附近水塘，有一對穩定的記錄。生態習性：為局部分佈的稀有留鳥。目前僅在南竿東半島的固定水塘分佈有一對個體。		Size ： L28 cm Seasonal distribution ： resident Status ： rare Behavior ： mainly nocturnal; usually found singly or in pairs Habitat ： the brushwoods and bushes Local sites ： a single pair recorded in the nearby pond of the wasteyard in East Nangang Habits: Local rare resident. There is a couple that can be found in certain ponds in the east part of Nangan island.

神話之鳥－黑嘴端鳳頭燕鷗的故鄉
The Mythical Bird－The Chinese Crested Tern